Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

G. Kalyani ¹, P. Bhuvaneswari ¹, B. Hemalatha ¹, K. Padmalatha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Solubility is one of the key parameters to attain desired concentration of drug in systemic circulation to show pharmacological response. Various methods are engaged to augment the aqueous solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs and hydrotropic solubilisation is one of them. Hydrotropy is defined as a solubilization process whereby addition of a large amount of second solutes results in an increase in the aqueous solubility of another solute and chemicals which are used in the hydrotropy are called hydrotropes like sodium benzoate, sodium citrate, urea, niacinamide etc. Based on advantages like the high selectivity, independent of pH and cheap, easy availability makes this technique more prevailing than other solubilisation methods. Mixed hydrotropy is a solubilisation technique to augment the water solubility of poorly water soluble drugs by the way of different ratio of blends of hydrotropic agents which gives synergistic augmentation effect. The purpose of this review article is to illustrate the need for solubility, hydrotropic solubilisation, mechanism of action of hydrotrope, classification of hydrotropes, advantages and mixed hydrotropic technique of solubilisation for improving the solubility which in turn helps to attain absorption and improved bioavailability.

Keywords

Hydrotropy, Hydrotropes, Solubility, Mixed Hydrotropy, Solubilisation

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K. Naga Durga ¹, P. Bhuvaneswari ¹, B. Hemalatha ¹, K. Padmalatha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Nowadays about 74% of drugs are taken orally and are found not to be as effective as required. To improve such characters transdermal drug delivery system was emerged. Drug delivery through the skin to attain a systemic effect of a drug is commonly known as transdermal drug delivery and differs from traditional topical drug delivery. Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDS) are dosage forms involves drug transport to viable epidermal and or dermal tissues of the skin for local therapeutic effect while a very major fraction of drug is transported into the systemic blood circulation. The adhesive of the transdermal drug delivery system is critical to the safety, efficacy and quality of the product. Topical administration of therapeutic agents offers many advantages over conventional oral and invasive methods of drug delivery. Several important advantages of transdermal drug delivery are limitation of hepatic first pass metabolism, enhancement of therapeutic efficiency and maintenance of steady plasma level of the drug. This review article provides an overview of advantages and disadvantages, factors affecting transdermal drug delivery, components and types of transdermal drug delivery, methods of preparation and methods of evaluation.

Keywords

TDDS, Topical Drug Delivery, Systemic Blood Circulation, Skin

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I. Madhumathi ¹, B. Hemalatha ¹, K. Padmalatha ¹

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

In the pharmaceutical Industry oral route is considered as the safest and convenient route. Fast dissolving tablets (FDTs) are solid dosage forms containing drugs that disintegrate in the oral cavity within less than 1 minute leaving an easy to swallow residue. These dosage forms include superdisintegrants which impart quick disintegration with existence of saliva and can be swallowed without difficulty. Fast dissolving tablets are the very good preference for the paediatric as well as geriatric patients. To improve the bioavailability of many drugs, fast dissolving drug delivery systems are used widely. Sophisticated technologies used for manufacturing fast dissolving tablets are by direct compression method, freeze drying method, sublimation method, mass extrusion and cotton candy process. Taste is the vital factor since these tablets disintegrate directly in the mouth. FDTs are evaluated by various parameters such as hardness test, friability test, water absorption ratio, wetting time, disintegration test and dissolution test. These tablets are also well-known as mouth dissolving tablets and orodispersible tablets. This review article will emphasize on ideal properties, challenges, advantages, disadvantages, conventional techniques, patented technologies and evaluation of orodispersible tablets.

Keywords

Sophisticated Technologies, Superdisintegrants

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B. Hemalatha ¹, T. Pavani Priya ¹, K. Manasa ¹, Ch. Greeshmika ¹, P. Kavya ¹, Shaik Sayeeda Sarah ¹, K. Padmalatha ²

Affiliations
1 Department of Pharmaceutics, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, IN
2 Department of Pharmacology, Vijaya Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences for Women, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh, IN

Abstract

Emulgel is one of the promising topical drug delivery system for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs which overcome a variety of disadvantages of ointments and creams like greasiness as well as phase inversion. The aim of present work was to develop and evaluate Oxiconazole emulgel. Oxiconazole emulgel was prepared by using polymers like Carbopol 934 and HPMC K4M at different concentrations. Oxiconazole is a broad spectrum anti - fungal agent used in treat of various skin infections such as athlete’s foot, jock itch and ring worm. The prepared emulgels were evaluated in terms of physical appearance, measurement of pH, viscosity, spreadability, drug content and in vitro diffusion studies and skin irritation study. Formulation F1 containing carbapol 934 is considered as optimized formulation because it showed highest drug release i.e., 58.57% in 8 hrs.

Keywords

Topical Drug Delivery, Emulgel, Oxiconazole, Carbapol 934, HPMC K4M, In Vitro Diffusion Studies

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